peters



lPETERSY PKUNIJTHOGRAPMER. WASHINGTON'D C UNITED .sTATEs PATENT oEEroE.

J. GREENHALGH', SR., OF WATERFORR.MASSACHUSETTS.

POWER-LOOM.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 14,358, dated March 4, 1856.

Toall whom 'it may concern:

Be it/known that I, JAMES GREENHALGH,

y Sr., of Waterford, in the county of Vorcester and State ofMassachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inPower-Looms; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full,clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings,

forming part of this specification, in

which- Figure l, is a side elevation of a loom with myimprovements. Fig.2, is aback view of the same. Figs. 3 and 4 represent parts of theshuttle box motion;

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the severalfigures.

This invention relates to looms for fancy or figured weaving. l

It consists in certain improvements in the shuttle box motion forchanging the shuttles and also in an improvement in the shuttle motionwhereby two or more shuttles can be thrown successively from either sideof the loom.

To enable those skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I willproceed to describe its construction `and operation.

A, is the framing of the loom.

C, is the lay rocking on two short rock shafts a, a, which are firmlysecured in the swords b b and fitted to turn in journal boxes c, c,which are secured to the side framing. y y

yThe shuttle boxes B, B, B,B, B2 B2, of which there are three pairsshown are of the kind known as drop boxes. They are carried by and swingwith the lay C, to which suitable vguides are applied to keep them inplace as they riseand fall. Those on one side of the loom are supportedby a rod d, at the bottom of which is a fork g, git, as shown in Figs. 1and 2, of which fork one leg g, has an internal toothed rack to gearwith a pinion e, on the end of, a shaft f, which extends all across thelay and fits easily in bearings, which are made by boring out therock-shafts a, a. The other leg gt, of the fork, which is straightinternally and is without teet-h, stands nearly close to the pinion andserves to confine the rack in gear with the pinion. ,The shuttle boxeson the opposite side of the loom are supported by a rod d', similar tod, and 55 having a similar fork g', gk, gearing'with sary to overcomethe friction of the several parts of the machinery.- This arrangement ofthe racks causes one set of boxes to rise while the other is falling andrenders it necessary for the upper box of one set to correspond with thelowest one of the other and vice versa. The changing of the shutt-leboxes is effected by motion derived by the racks g, g, from the pinionse, e, the said motion being received by the pinion e, from one of twohorizontalracks ZL, h, belonging to forks h, and 7L', if', of asimilarcharacter to g, gi', and g, gf', the said forks being attached to twonotched bars j, and j', which are suspended by light rods Z, and l, fromtwo levers 7c and c, which work on a lixed fulcrum m, at the back of thetop framing of the loom. The racks L, L, are on opposite sides of thepinion c, and therefore the movement of one rack gives the pinion amovement in the opposite direction to that which the other rack givesmoving inthe same direction. The bars j, and j', are drawn forwardlengthwise to operate the boxes by two hooks i, z", which are jointed toa vibrating lever n, which receives'one movement back and forth lforevery beat of the lay by means of a cam 0*, on the main shaft D, of theloom by which the lay is driven, and a-spring p, connecting it with theframing. The hooks i, z", are furnished with pins g, g', near theirextremities which slide within or upon a ide r, in the side of theframing A, which prevents each falling below a certain point but allowsthe point of the hook z', which being attached nearest to the fulcrum ofthe lever n, has the shortest mo` tion, to fall lower than'that of i.Whichever bar y', or j, is required to be drawn forward to effect thechange in the shutt-les,r requires to be raised up to enable the hooksto catch in the notches on its upper edge and the Aother one requires tobe lowered out of the way of the hooks that it may be carried backwardby the action of the pinion e, on its rack as the said pinion receivesmotion from the forward movement of the iirst named bar.

Then a short or single movement of the bar is required only sufficientto move the boxes one step or to bring the next or adjoining boxes intoVoperation, the bar only requires to be raised high enough to be caughtby the hook i, which has the shortest movement, but to move the boxestwo steps at once or give them what may be termed a double movement tochange from the top to bottom or vice versa, the bar requires to beraised higher to be caught by the hoo-k i", having the longest movement.This is illustrated in Fig. l, where the bar j', is shown in blackoutline, raised only high enough for the hook z', to engage with itsnotches and in red outline raised high enough for the hook i', to engagewith it.

The movements of the bars to eifect the change o-f boxes is entirelygoverned by a studded cylinder E, or a studded chain passing over acylinder in the same way as the harness motion is governed in fancy orfigured weaving, the said cylinder being upon the same shaft as thepattern cylinder F, by which the operation of the harness .is governed.This cylinder E, has' two rows of studs s and s; the former row toopera-te upon a lever t, which has a fixed fulcrum and which connects bya rod u, with the lever 7c, for the purpose of raising the bar j; andthe latter row to act upon a lever i', which is on the same fulcrum ti,and is connected by a rod u', with the lever k', to raise the bar j. Theheight which the bars j j are raised is regulated by long and shortstuds in the cylinder E, long studs being placed at the proper points toraise the bars to the height of the hook z, and short studs at theproper points to raise them to the height of the hook z'.

By a proper arrangement of the studs s, s, the changing of the shuttlesmay be effected to produce any pattern that can be woven with the numberof shuttles employed. This method of controlling the changing of theshuttles is much more sim ple than the method commonly employed; it isat the same time more efcient and the mechanism less liable to wear andtear, and it enables the proper relation of the harness motion and thebox motion to be adjusted and maintained without difficulty, owing tothe two pattern cylinders E, and F, being fast to the same shaft.

The pattern cylinders Vreceive motion through a ratchet wheel o, ontheir shaft G, from a hook pawl o', attached to an arm o* of a rockshaft H, which receives motion through an arm fw, from a connecting rod20", attached to a crank w*, on the end of the main shaft D.

The picker staves I, I, of the' shuttle motion swing on pivots a0, w,which are secured in stocks mk, mi", which are secured to the ends oftwo horizontal rods or shafts y, y, which are rigidly secured to theswords Z2, Z), of the lay below the shaft f. The lower ends of the twopicker staves are connected by a spring 2, and at some distance abovetheir centers of motion ae, they are connected each by a cord 2*,passing around a pulley yf, with one of two levers J, J which swing froma shaft K, which extends all across the loom; the said levers beingoperated upon one at a time to throw the picker staves forward and throwthe shuttle, by means of studs 5, 5*, attached to t-he outer faces ofthe disks L, L, of the eccentric cams by which the lay is driven. Thetwo studs 5, 5*, are placed exactly opposite to or in line with eachother, but the two levers J, J are arranged at such a distance apartthat both cannot possibly be operated upon at once. The shaft K, has alongitudinal motion for the purpose of bringing either one or the otherof the levers J, J into the path of its respective stud. This movementis produced by a V shaped stud F on an arm 8, at the rear end of therock-shaft H, see Fig. 3, striking and throwing aside the upper end of alever 9, which works on a fixed fulcrum 10, and has its lower endentering a loop attached to the front side of the shaft K, the saidlower end giving motion to the shaft. The position of the lever 9 iscontrolled so that the stud 7 may pass on one or the other side of it,to slide the shaft K, in either direction as may be desired, by means ofa row of studs 8*, on the cylinder E, or on a separate cylinder or by anendless chain running o`ver a cylinder on the same shaft G, the said rowof studs acting on a lever t2, which connects by a rod l2, with a thirdarm of the lever 9. The loop in which the lower arm of the lever 9enters to move the shaft must be long enough to admit the necessary playof the lever to throw its upper end to one side or the other of the stud7 By a proper arrangement of the studs 8*, which raise the lever 9, theposition of the lever 9, may be so controlled at every movement of thelay, as either to give the shaft K, a movement or not. When no movementis given to the levers t2, and 9, in consequence either of two pins ortwo blanks coming in two succeeding spaces of the cylinder no movementbeing given to the shaft K, the same picker acts twice in succession,throwing two shuttles in succession from one side 'of the loom; but whena movement is given to the levers t2, and 9, a movement of the shaft K,takes place andthe opposite picker to that which operated during thepreceding movement of the lay will be caused to operate. By enabling twoshuttles to be thrown at pleasure from one side of the loom a greatervariety may be given to a pattern or in other Words more elaboratepatterns may be produced.

What I claim as my invention anddesire to secure by Letters Patentis- 1. In combination With the method of balancing the boxes, I, claimthe method of giving motion to the shaft f, to operate the boxes, bymeans of tvvo notched bars j, j, which are geared with opposite sides ofthe pinion e, on the said shaft and are suspended from levers t, t,which are operated upon by a pattern cylinder in such a manner as toraise either of the said bars, as may be necessary, to bring its teethinto engagement with a dog z', or z", suitably arranged and operated togive the requisite motion to the bar.

2. I claim the method of giving the shuttle boxes a single or doublemovement as may be required by the pattern, by employing tivo hooks z',i', or their equivalents, having unequal movements, arranging the saidhooks or equivalents With their points at different elevations, andemploying long and short studs in the pattern cylinder or itsequivalent, to raise the rack bars j, j, which give motion to the boxesto a position to be caught only by the hook having the shorter movementor to a position to be 'caught by the hook having the longer movement,substantially as herein described.

3. Controlling the order of the succession of the movements of the tvvopickers to make them act in regular alternate succession or otherwise asmay be desirable by means of a pattern cylinder or its equivalent actingupon the mechanism by which movement is transmitted from the drivingshaft to the pickers in such a manner as to throw or retain eitherpicker in gear With the said shaft and the other one out of gearsubstantially as herein described.

4E. 'Ihe combination of the levers J, J, through Which the cams on thedriving shaft operate the pickers, with the sliding shaft K, the leverg, and the V shaped stud 7 the said lever g, being moved from side toside by the pattern cylinder and t-he said V shaped stud receiving asuitable motion to operate on the said lever g, substantially as hereindescribed.

JAMES GREENHALGH, SENR.

Witnesses:

J AMES H. CoMsTocK, DARIUs BENNETT.

